1. The larger, the more densely populated, and the more heterogeneous a community the more accentuated are the characteristics associated with urbanism.

2. Spatial segregation of individuals according to color, ethnic heritage, economic and social status, tastes and preferences rises as the range in individual variation increases.

3. Competition and formal Control mechanisms furnish substitutes for the bonds of solidarity relied upon in a folk society because these bonds of sentiment are relatively weak or absent in the city.

4. In the city, contact between full personalities is impossible and individuals are prevented from knowing many people or having an intense knowledge of them -- this produces segmentalization of human relationships.

5. Urban people associate with a greater number of organized groups of a secondary kind because they are more dependent upon others than are rural people.

6. Because of its centralization, enlarged market, and division of labor, the secular quality of the corporation is enhanced and the private entrepreneurial character of business is reduced.

7. Selective Representation, visual recognition, and a sensitivity for cultural artifacts replace habit and ritual in social interaction and the mass media replaces more personal means of communication.

8. Because of the large scale disassociation of work from residence, the uses of land are placed at the forefront of social activities, making status and value in relation to this dichotomy an object of social organization and stratification of the city.

9. In a community without sentimental and emotional ties, close contact produces exploitation and competition and increases the possibility of irresponsibility and potential disorder -- the result is more formal control over social behavior.

10. Due to the mobility, diversity, and fluctuating status of populations in associations and organizations, instability and insecurity become normative in a city.

11. Because individuals living in cities cannot know the total meaning of any social event, Individuals must rely upon mass suggestion and this makes collective behavior more likely and unpredictable.

12. Money plays an important role in shaping association among individuals in the city and individuality is replaced by categories where ever mass production and standardization of social and economic processes of work occur.

13. All institutions of the city serve to reinforce the urban mode of living and thereby act as leveling influences on our lives.

14. In cities the objectives of human needs and interests are fulfilled through the multiplication of voluntary groups.